Notes regarding credits...

This course consists of 40 hours of instruction. However, students may earn 45 hours by attending supplemental sessions and completing additional coursework. Please check with your home university to find out whether you need 40 or 45 hours to earn course equivalents.

Note: A placement exam will be required when you arrive on site.

High Advanced

This course is designed for students who have completed or tested out of a minimum of five semesters (or seven quarters) of college-level Spanish. However, students must take a placement exam to determine the course level into which they will be able to enroll.

1. Introduction
The present class aims to follow the political, economic, and social transformations experimented by Spain during the elapse between the end of the civil war and the present moment, placing special attention to the diverse forms that were adopted by the state during the Francoist regime and its subsequent transformation into a democratic-parliamentary model. The fundamental objective to be pursued is the presentation to arising students, from countries with democratic political models, of the reality that the Francoist dictatorship signified in the framework of Western Europe and the process of integration of the capitalist democracies.
Also, special attention will be paid to the peculiarities of the culture and the morals imposed by the regime during its long period of time, to conclude by observing the influence of the Western Europeans- through economic collaboration with the Francoist regime- on the modification of the cultural models, customs and Spanish ideology throughout the decades of the 60's and 70's.
2. Program
1. 1931-1939: The destruction of Spanish Democracy and the Civil War. The
preceding years of the Francoist regime. - The proclamation of the Republican
regime. - The Reformist biennium: the progressive legislation and the
constitution. - The problems of the Republican regime: the agrarian question, the
army, the autonomies, and the Catholic Church. - The reactions from the right
side: the Black biennium. - The victory of the Popular Front and the explosion of
civil conflict. - The division of Spain in two irreconcilable factions. - The
revolution in Republican Spain. - Counter revolution and the birth of Francoist
state.
2.1938-1945: The organization of the Totalitarian state. - Fortification of the figure of the Chief of State. - The families: Falange, army and church. - The suppression over the defeated. - The law of creation of the Spanish courts and other fundamental laws. - The opposition.
3.1946-1951: Toward the consolidation of the regime. - International isolation. The consolidation of Francoism. The intent of application of an Autarchic political economy. - Prosperity and decadence of the guerrilla. - The first steps toward an international opening. - Francoism, public morality, and education.
4.1951-1956: The end of Autarchy and international isolation. - The stabilization
of Francoism: The Concordat of 1953. - The first symptoms of internal
discontent: the university. - International relations: The treaty with the United
States of America.
5. The Spanish economy during the Autarchical stage. - The Spanish economy
after the end of the civil war: the reconstruction. - The population. - Industry. -
Agriculture. - The initiation of the opening during the 50's. - The Plan of National
Stabilization and the end of Autarchy.
6. 1957-1962: The road to Technocracy. - Socioeconomic changes and the
entering of the Technocrats: The Plan of Stabilization. - Definition of the system:
the Law of Movement Principles. - The initiation of the distancing of the church. -
Intensification of the repressive measures. - The opposition in the interior is
organized: ETA.
7. 1963-1967: Development and social conflict. - Development, social change, and
opposition. Forecast for the future: the Organic Law of the State. - The opening of
the Press Law. - Intensification of the opposition in the interior: University,
church, syndicates, and political parties.
8. 1967-1972: Toward crises. - The continuation of the regime: Carrero Blanco
and Juan Carlos. - The taking of positions by the groups in power. The MATESA
scandal. - Opposition and suppression. - The Council of war of Burgos.
9. The Spanish economy in the development stage. - The effects of economic
liberalization at the end of the 50's. - The population. - The industrial sector. -
The agricultural sector. - The services sector. - Foreign commercial relations. -
The plans for development. - The petroleum crises and its repercussions
throughout Spain.
10. 1973-1975: The agony of Francoism. Carrero Blanco, President of the government. - The assassination of Carrero Blanco and the Arias Navarro government. - The social and economic crises in the context of the general crisis. - The hardening of repression and international reactions. - The opposition: The Democratic union. - The death of Franco.
11. 1975-1978: The formal establishment of democracy. - The succession in leadership of the state and the continuation of the Arias Navarro government. - The rupture with the Francoist government: Adolfo Suarez and the Law for Political Reform. - Reform or rupture. Agreed upon reform or imposed reform. - The general elections of June 1977. - The constitution of consent.
12. 1978-1996: The phase of disappointment and the stage of socialist governments. The effects of the crisis at the end of the 70's. - The recompensation of the party system: the failure of UCD and the crisis of PCE. - The intent
of the coup d' état of February 1981. - The ascent of the Spanish Socialist Labor Party. - The general elections of October 1982 and the triumph of PSOE. - The reforms of the PSOE governments: the industrial reconversion, the economic plans of adjustment, the increase of public spending. - The political scandals and corruption: toward the end of the socialist stage. - The start of a conservative stage: the electoral victory of the Popular Party of 1996.

3.Activities
The classes will be taught in the form of a magisterial lesson granting the student the possibility to intervene at any moment to request from the professor the clarification of questions or to introduce personal ideas. Also, the development of this class includes the utilization of audiovisual resources, such as the use of videos and other visual materials available in the video library collections of the University.

4.Evaluation
A written exam will be fulfilled concurrently with the conclusion of the first half of the course. In the same manner, a written final exam will be given that covers the material of the entire course. Assistance, the demonstrated interest in the class content, and class participation will be taken into account in each student's evaluation.

5. Bibliography
BIESCAS, J.A. y TUÑÓN DE LARA, M., España bajo la dictadura franquista, 1939-1976, Barcelona, Lábor, 1981.
CARR, R y FUSI, J. P., España de la dictadura a la Democracia, Barcelona Ariel, 1979.
CARR, R., PRESTON, P., GARCÍA DELGADO, J.L.,La época franquista, Vol. XL de la Historia de España dirigida por José María JOVER, Madrid, Espasa Calpe. 1996.
CIERVA, R de la, Historia del Franquismo, 2 vols, Barcelona, Planeta, 1975-1978.
FUSI, J.P., Franco. Autoritarismo y poder personal, Madrid, Alianza, 1987.
PAYNE S.G., El régimen de Franco, 1936-1975, Madrid, Alianza, 1987.
SUEIRO, D y DÍAZ NOSTY, B., Historia del franquismo, 2 vols, Madrid Sarpe, 1985.
TAMAMES, R., La República. La Era de Franco, Madrid, Alianza, 1988.